The seven pillars

C · U · S · T · O · D · Y

Each pillar states universal control objectives, then how the requirement shifts by level and by mandate. Every pillar applies to every profile. The profile determines rigor, not applicability.

Rigor bottoms out, and the framework says so

An L1 assistant still has a supervision requirement; it is "someone can turn it off and it is rate limited," not a tree-wide network-layer kill switch. It still has a disposal requirement; it is "we know what it wrote and where," not creation-time artifact tracking with per-artifact teardown evidence. A blank cell in the control matrix would mean a pillar does not apply, and there are none.

The pillars are a mnemonic, not a sequence. The adoption path differs and runs in dependency order.

C Conditions of ReleaseWhat the agent may touch, and your right to authorize it

Intent. Convert authorization from prose into a machine-enforceable artifact that upstream controls consume directly. If a condition cannot be expressed as data, it cannot be enforced. This is the release order: specific, versioned, signed, and binding on every control downstream.

Control objectives

  • Conditions are a structured, versioned artifact: systems, data domains, IP ranges, DNS zones, cloud account IDs, repositories, asset tags, identity domains, and explicit exclusions.
  • The artifact declares the agent's profile — level ceiling, mandate, reach ceiling — and these are enforced, not descriptive. The level ceiling in particular is enforced by the absence of capability, not by instruction.
  • The same artifact is the input to network policy, identity scoping, and monitoring. A single source of truth, not three drifting copies.
  • Authorization is verified for every asset class, with attention to shared-tenancy SaaS, managed services, provider terms, and partner-connected systems.
  • Exclusion zones are enumerated explicitly: safety systems, medical devices, OT and ICS, production payment paths, regulated data stores, third-party infrastructure.
  • Conditions changes require re-authorization and are versioned. Mid-assignment expansion is a governed event, not a configuration tweak.
  • Release is never open-ended. Every set of conditions carries an expiry.
  • Delegated conditions are derived by restriction from a parent artifact and carry the parent's identifier.
By levelL1–L2 conditions are mostly data domains and a fixed target list. L3 adds the tool set as a first-class element, since the tool set is the action boundary. L4 is where conditions must become genuinely complete, because the agent will explore the edges of whatever you wrote. L5 requires the delegation rules in the artifact itself. L6 requires per-epoch conditions.
By mandateObservational conditions are largely read scope. Operational conditions must state write scope precisely, and this is where most organizations are weakest. Adversarial requires the full legal apparatus, since testing something you lack standing to test is a liability event independent of any technical outcome.
Failure mode prevented

The agent acts on something you had no standing or intent to authorize, most commonly a shared or partner-owned system that looked internal from where the agent was standing.

Questions to be able to answer

Where does our authorization boundary live as data? If a human and the agent disagree about whether a system is in scope, what adjudicates?

U Untrusted InputProtecting the agent from hostile content and supply chain risk

Intent. Every agent ingests content it did not author and cannot vouch for. Everything read during an assignment is potentially adversarial, and containment assurance expires the moment the agent changes.

Control objectives

  • Ingested content — web pages, banners, file contents, logs, tool output, tickets, dependency documentation — is treated as untrusted data, never as instruction. Injection resistance is a tested property, not an assumed one.
  • The agent supply chain is governed: model versions, tool plugins, extensions, MCP servers, and dependencies are inventoried, pinned, and reviewed.
  • Any change to the model, agent framework, or tool set triggers re-certification. Containment validated against one version does not transfer to the next.
  • Tool set changes are re-classified, not just re-certified. Adding a shell tool to an L3 agent is a level change and requires re-authorization at the new level.
  • Containment is drilled: the organization periodically attempts to break its own agents out of their enclaves and treats success as a priority finding.
  • In L5 systems, inter-agent messages are untrusted input. A sub-agent's output arriving at its parent is content from a system that consumed hostile data.
By levelL1's exposure is subtle: injected content skews recommendations humans then act on, with no technical breach to detect. L2's exposure is parameter injection. L3 and above can be induced to select and sequence real actions, which is where injection becomes execution. L5 adds propagation across the tree. L6 can carry an injection across an entire epoch.
By mandateThis is where adversarial agents diverge most sharply: they point themselves at systems that are compromised by definition, reading attacker-controlled output as their primary work product. The same is true of security response agents, regularly pointed at systems believed to be compromised.
Failure mode prevented

The agent becomes the incident: hijacked via injected instruction or compromised through its supply chain, then exercising its legitimate access on someone else's behalf.

Questions to be able to answer

When did we last try to break our own agent out? When our model provider ships an update, what happens to our containment assurance? If a tool was added last week, was the agent re-classified?

S Supervision & StopKeeping a human meaningfully in control at machine speed

Intent. Autonomy is tiered by consequence. The more irreversible the action, the more human judgment is required, and revocation must always be possible and fast.

Control objectives

  • Actions are classified into tiers by blast radius and reversibility: read, then reversible write, then irreversible write (schema change, deletion, deployment), then privilege change, then actions affecting availability or third parties.
  • Autonomy thresholds are set per tier, per profile, and per environment. Higher tiers require synchronous human approval, and the highest may be prohibited outright.
  • A kill switch exists that operates at the network and identity layers, revoking access and severing egress, and does not depend on the agent processing a stop instruction.
  • The kill switch is tree-wide. Stopping an orchestrator that has already spawned children stops nothing. Revocation targets the assignment identifier and reaches every identity and environment derived from it.
  • Rate and volume limits constrain the pace of action, providing human-scale reaction time.
  • Dead-man timers halt assignments that exceed expected duration or lose supervisory contact.
  • Named humans are on call for the duration of any autonomous run, with unambiguous authority to revoke.
By levelL1–L2 need little beyond rate limiting and revocation. L3 is where action tiering earns its keep: the same coding agent should move freely through reads and test runs while stopping hard at production deployment. L4 requires that gating survive replanning — the gate must be on the action class, not the specific route. L5 requires the tree-wide kill switch and a supervision model that does not assume the orchestrator is cooperating.
By mandateFor observational and operational agents, escalation attempts can themselves trigger a gate. For adversarial agents that option is unavailable: gating cannot key on escalation and must instead key on target sensitivity, action irreversibility, and third-party reach.
Failure mode prevented

Speed outruns oversight. The damaging action completes before anyone reviews it.

Questions to be able to answer

How long from "we need this to stop" to "it has stopped"? Who has authority to call it, at 3am, without escalation? If we kill the parent, do the children die?

T Temporary AuthorityWhat it authenticates as, for how long, and on whose accountability

Intent. This is the pillar that directly enforces the authority and level principles. Treat the agent as a non-human identity with the tightest possible grant and a hard expiry, and treat credentials it encounters as material to be reported rather than capability to be used.

Control objectives

  • Each assignment issues a unique, short-lived non-human identity. No shared service accounts, no reuse across assignments, no standing privilege.
  • Privilege expires on wall-clock time independent of assignment state. Work that runs long loses its authority rather than extending it silently.
  • Credentials encountered during an assignment do not become capability by default. Any credential, token, key, or session discovered in the environment is quarantined and reported. Use requires explicit gating against the conditions artifact.
  • Assumed roles and inherited tokens are scoped down at assumption, not accepted at whatever breadth they happen to carry.
  • Sub-agents inherit a subset of authority, never a superset and never a fresh grant. The delegation mechanism itself must be incapable of minting authority.
  • Every action carries a run ID resolvable to a named accountable human and an authorizing manager, through the full delegation chain.
  • Agent identities are distinguishable from human and production identities in all logs and detection logic, and the identity encodes the profile.
  • Secrets are minimized and brokered rather than embedded or discoverable on disk.
  • Granted authority does not exceed the authorizing human's own authority.
By levelL1–L2 can often use a static, tightly scoped identity. L3 and L4 need genuine per-assignment ephemeral identity, because these agents will find and follow credential paths. L5 needs the authority algebra enforced mechanically. L6 needs per-epoch reissuance, which is the single control that makes L6 tractable at all.
By mandateFor observational and operational agents, credential quarantine should be absolute — this single control would have prevented the development agent scenario. For adversarial agents, quarantine is the default but gated reuse is a legitimate authorized capability. The gate is what separates a documented finding from an uncontrolled pivot into a system you do not own.
Failure mode prevented

Capability accretion. The agent bootstraps from limited access to broad access, or authenticates into an environment nobody scoped using something it found in one that was.

Questions to be able to answer

What can this agent authenticate as right now, as opposed to what we granted it? What happens to a credential it discovers at 2am on a Saturday? Can any delegation path produce an identity more privileged than its parent?

O Observability & EscalationProving what happened, and responding when it goes wrong

Intent. Autonomous action at volume is only defensible if it is fully reconstructable. This pillar produces the record, and defines what happens the moment that record shows something unexpected.

Control objectives

  • Every action is logged with fidelity sufficient to reconstruct the assignment: target, action, tier, timestamp, run ID, parent run ID, and the decision or approval that authorized it.
  • Logs are written to storage the agent cannot modify or delete, independent of its execution environment.
  • Effective authority is monitored, not just granted authority. Alert on an agent authenticating as an identity it was not issued, or reaching a system outside its conditions.
  • Effective level is monitored. Alert on process spawn, tool acquisition, agent invocation, code execution, or scheduled-task creation by an agent whose ceiling does not permit it. This detection layer is usually absent.
  • Effective mandate is monitored. Alert on escalation-shaped activity by a non-adversarial agent. Map these to existing ATT&CK-aligned detections; the agent identity is what makes the alert unambiguous.
  • SOC deconfliction is established before launch, including a fast path to conclude that an incident is not the agent.
  • Denied attempts, condition challenges, and near-misses are reviewed as behavioral signal about the agent, separate from the output of its work.
  • Evidence is retained and structured to satisfy audit, regulatory inquiry, cyber insurance, and legal defense of the authorization.
By levelL1–L2 logging mostly exists already. L3–L4 require the tool-call log to be the system of record, since the tool call is the action. L5 requires the log to reconstruct the tree, not the timeline — a flat log of an orchestrated run is not reconstructable. L6 requires per-epoch reconciliation.
By mandateFor observational and operational agents, drift monitoring is high-signal and cheap. For adversarial agents that signal is unavailable, which is precisely why structural containment carries the load, and why the log must be complete enough to reconstruct authorization after the fact.
Failure mode prevented

You cannot prove what happened. Or the SOC burns a real incident response on agent activity and misses a concurrent genuine intrusion.

Questions to be able to answer

If a regulator or partner asked us to prove our agent never touched their systems, could we? Who decides that anomalous agent behavior is an incident? Can we reconstruct which sub-agent did a given thing, and under whose authority?

D Disposal & DecommissionVerified teardown of everything the assignment created

Intent. Assignments create access, artifacts, and infrastructure. Autonomy creates more of all three, faster, and with less human memory of what was created. Return is not complete until teardown is verified.

Control objectives

  • Artifacts introduced during assignments — accounts, scheduled tasks, uploaded files, modified configurations, deployed resources, established persistence — are tracked at the moment of creation, not reconstructed from logs afterward.
  • Removal is verified, not asserted. Cleanup produces evidence of completion per artifact. Artifacts of penetration tests not properly cleaned are a nightmare during incident response, where they are often interpreted as indicators of compromise.
  • Assignment credentials are revoked and secrets rotated at close, independent of expiry timers.
  • Execution environments are destroyed and rebuilt rather than reused.
  • Assignment data is classified, encrypted, access-controlled, and retention-limited with a defined destruction date.
  • Orphaned artifacts discovered after close are treated as findings against the program, not silently remediated.
  • Teardown is tree-wide and bottom-up. Sub-agent environments, identities, and artifacts are destroyed before the parent's, and the parent's close is blocked until every child's teardown is verified.
By levelL1–L2 disposal is light. L3–L4 accumulate quietly and continuously: cloud resources, service accounts, and CI variables created across hundreds of runs, each individually defensible, collectively an unmanaged attack surface. L5 is where artifact tracking most often fails outright, because nobody owns the inventory for resources a sub-agent created. L6 depends entirely on epoch-boundary reconciliation.
By mandateAdversarial agents leave the sharpest artifacts: implants, persistence mechanisms, and staged tooling that are indistinguishable from a real adversary's if not tracked. For these, artifact tracking at creation is not a hygiene control. It is an incident-prevention control.
Failure mode prevented

The assignment ends but its access does not. Accounts, resources, and persistence mechanisms remain as unmanaged backdoors that a real adversary can find, and that you will not recognize as your own.

Questions to be able to answer

What did our agents create last month, and how much of it still exists? If an attacker used one of our leftover service accounts, would we notice? Who owns cleanup for a resource created by a sub-agent three levels down?

Y Yard & EgressMaking scope a property of the network rather than of intentions

Intent. The agent operates inside a bounded space where movement is genuinely unrestricted, with a single controlled way out. Within the yard, the agent works without friction. Leaving it requires passing a broker that independently enforces the conditions artifact, and containment does not depend on the agent's cooperation.

Control objectives

  • Agents execute in a dedicated environment with no default route to corporate, production, or internet destinations.
  • All traffic — including DNS, package installs, model API calls, and telemetry — exits through a mediating proxy or broker that validates each destination against the conditions artifact.
  • Denied attempts are logged as high-signal security events. A pattern of out-of-scope attempts is itself a finding about the agent.
  • The environment is ephemeral: built per assignment, never a long-lived system accumulating credentials and access.
  • Model and tool endpoints are explicitly allowlisted; the agent cannot reach arbitrary external services to fetch payloads or exfiltrate collected data.
  • Allowlisted bidirectional channels are treated as exfiltration paths, because they are. Destination validation cannot help with a model API endpoint that accepts arbitrary content by design. These need volume, rate, and content controls of their own, or a broker that owns the call rather than proxying it.
  • The isolation boundary is sized to the mandate. A shared-kernel container is a reasonable boundary against an agent that is not trying to defeat it. It is not a boundary against an agent whose authorized function is defeating boundaries. Adversarial mandate, and any agent at R3, requires a hypervisor-class or dedicated-host boundary.
  • Sub-agents run inside the parent's yard or a nested subset of it, never in a sibling environment with independent egress. Nesting is a property of policy inheritance at the broker, not of address space.
By levelL1 may need only egress filtering. L2's yard is usually inherited from pipeline infrastructure. L3 and L4 need genuine network separation, and this is commonly the missing control — a coding agent on a developer's workstation inherits that workstation's entire network position, VPN routes, and cached credentials, which is how a test-suite task reaches a production database. L5 needs nested yards with a single shared egress point. L6 needs the yard rebuilt at every epoch boundary.
By mandateAdversarial agents need the strictest form: full isolation with brokered egress, because for adversarial agents this pillar is doing nearly all of the containment work by itself. There is no behavioral detection to fall back on and no gate keyed on escalation. The network boundary is the control.
Failure mode prevented

The breakout. The agent follows a route, trust relationship, or resolved hostname out of its intended environment and into a network nobody authorized.

Questions to be able to answer

If this agent were fully compromised right now, what is the complete set of systems it could reach? Can we demonstrate that answer rather than assert it?

The full control objectives

Section 7 of the specification carries each pillar in full, along with the annex control matrix that marks lowest-rigor forms distinctly from full controls and from recommendations.

Contact & consulting

Questions, corrections, or help applying this?

The author offers consulting and training on threat modeling and risk assessing AI applications and agents, agentic containment architecture, and CUSTODY adoption. Feedback and disagreement are equally welcome, and cost nothing.

custody-framework@malwarejake.com